Retrieving aerosol optical depth (AOD) from top-of-atmosphere (TOA) satellite-measured radiance requires separating the aerosol signal from the total observed signal. Total TOA radiance includes signal from the underlying surface and from atmospheric constituents such as aerosols. clouds and gases. Multispectral retrieval algorithms. https://chefesquipmenters.shop/product-category/chopstick-rests/